Nailing-machine



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NAILING'MAGHINE. 160.389.6532. A Patented Sept. 18, 1888.

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NAILIHG MACHINE} No. 389,632.

Patented Sept. 18, 1888.-

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(NoModeL) No. 389,632. Patented Sept. 18,1888. I I. v

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM Z. BEAN, OF \VEST MEDFORD, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO THE BAYSTATE SHOE FASTENING COMPANY, OF NASHUA, NEW

HAMPSHIRE.

NAiLlNG-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.389,632, dated September18, 1888,

Application liled April 30, 1888. Serial No.272,229. (No model.)

To a-ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM Z. BEAN, a citizen of the United States, anda resident of West Mcdford, in the county of Middlesex and State ofMassachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements inNailing-Machines, of which the following, taken in connection with theaccompanying drawings, is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in nailing-machines" for nailingor peggiug boot or shoe soles.

The machine is of that kind in which the nails are made'from acontinuous wire and as such nails are shaped they are automaticallymoved or carried below the driver-bar and driven by the latter in thesole of the boot or shoe, that is supported on top of a suitable horn.

My present invention consists in means for actuating the driver-bar andfor feeding the wire from a reel; also, in means for operating thecutters to shape the nail previous to its being driven; also, in meansfor carrying the nail, after it has been shaped, to the throat, where itis driven; also, in means for feeding the shoe or spacing the nails, andmeans for varying such feed at the will of the operator; also, in meansfor clamping the shoe between the top of the horn and bottom of thethroat while the nail is being driven, and means for releasing the shoeafter the nail is driven to allow the shoe-feed to take place, and'alsoin means for starting and stopping the machine in such a manner that thedriver-bar shallbe in itsiowest position when the machineis stopped.

The invention is constructed as follows, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 represents a side elevation ofthe complete machine. Fig. .2 represents an enlarged side view of thehead of the machine. Fig. 3 represents a front view of the head of themachine. Fig. trepresents a cross section on the line A. B in Fig. 2,showing the grooved cam and connections for operating the horn andfeeding the wire. Fig. 5 is a detail view of the mechanism for actuatingthe shoe-horn. Fig. 6 is a top view of the same, showing the frame orstandard in section. tail front view of the wire-feed mechanism. Fig. 8is a side view of the same, showing frame in section. Fig. 9 representsan end view of the rack and pinion for actuating the wire feedingmechanism. Fig. 10 is a detail back view of the shipper device forstarting and stopping the machine. Fig. 11 is a side view of the same,as. seen from X in Fig. 10. Fig. 12 is another side view of the same, asseen from Y in Fig. 10, the balance-wheel being shown in section. Fig.13 is adetailsectional side elevation of the shoe-feeding de vice.

Fig. 7 is a de Fig. 14 is a bottom view of the same.

Fig. 15 is a diagram showing thci'our motions of the end of the serratedfeed-foot for feeding the shoe. Fig. 16 is a detail side elevation ofthe cutter and nail-carrying lever with its male die-cutter ornailcarrier. Fig. 17 is an end view of the same. Fig. 18 is across-section on the line 0, shown in Fig. 16. Fig. 19 is across-section on the line D, shown in Fig. 17. Fig. 20 represents'a sideview of the nailpoint cutter and the lever for its operation, and Fig.21 represents an end view of the same. Figs. 22, 23, and 2t representside views of the nail cutters and carrier in various positions duringthe operation of the machine. Figs. 25, 26, and 27 represent the shapesof the wire corresponding to the respective portions of the cuttersshown in Figs. 22, 23, and 24. Fig. 28 represeutsaplan view of the uppercutter in the position shown in Fig. 22. Fig. 29 represents a plan viewof the lower cutter and carrier in the position as shown in Fig. 22.Fig. 30 and 3t represent, respectively, top and side views of the uppermovable cutter-bar. Fig. 32 is a side view of the movable cutter forforming the tapering point of the nail. Fig. 33 is a bottom view, andFig. 34 is an end view,of the same. Fig. 35 represents a side view ofthe stationary holder for the cutter-blade for forming the taperingpoint of the nail; and Figs. 36 and 37 rep resent, respectively, bottomand end views of the same. Fig. 38 represents side and end views of thesaid stationary cutter-blade for forming the'tapering point of the nail.Fig. 39 is a. plan view of the lower movable nail cutter and carrier.Fig. 40 is a side view of the same. Fig. 4.1 is a side view of thestationary lower cutter for forming the shank of the nail; and Figs. 42and 43 represent, respectively, end and top views of the same.

Similar letters refer to similar parts whereever they occur on thedifferent parts of the drawings.

a, in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, represents the hollow frame or standard, asusual, to the upper end of which is secured in a suitable manner thehead I). In hearings in the said headb is journaled the drivingshaft c,on which is arranged the loose pulley c, on which the driving-belt isshipped when the machine is not required for use.

is the drivingpulley, made in one piece with or suitably secured to thebalance-wheel 0 Both the pulley c" and balance-wheel c are looselyjournaled on the shaft 0. To the inner face of the balance-wheel c issecured in a suitable manner the tooth or projection 0'. (Shown in Fig.12.)

The mechanism for locking and unlocking the balance-wheel c" to and fromthe drivingshaft 0 is constructed as follows: On the shaft 0 is firmlysecured the circular hub or disk d, having pivoted to it at d, as shownin Figs. 10 and 12, the lever (1, having in one end a lateralprojection, (2 that is normally pressed outward beyond the face of thedisk d by the influence of the spring (1, (shown in dotted lines in Fig.12,) so as to cause it to be acted on by the projection c" on the rotarybalancewheel 0", and thus to impart a rotary motion from the latter tothe disk (I and shaft 0, secured to it. For the purpose of disengagingthe balance-wheel c from the disk (2 and shaftc, I employ atreadlc-lever, 6, (shown in Fig. 1,) pivoted at e to the base of thestandard a, and having hinged to its rear end the upwardly-projectinglink or rod 0", the upper end of which is hinged to the bell-crank levere", that is free to turn on the fulcrum-pin e, secured to the rear ofthe head I), as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 10, 11, and 12. The upper end ofthe bellcrank lever e is guided on a flange or circular rib, d on thedisk d, as shown in said Figs. 1, 2, 10, 11, and 12, and on the rearportion,on the upper end of said bell-crank lever 6 is made an inclineor wedge, e, which is brought in position relative to the disk d, asshown in Fig. 10, by the weight of the rod 0, or by a weight or springon treadle-lever e, as soon as the operator lets go his foot-pressure onthe treadle-lever e, causing the lever d to be tripped on its fulcrum dby the radial dog or projection d" on said lever (1 coming in contactwith the wedge or incline e on the bellcrank lever 6 and therebydisengaging the projection d. on lever d from the projection c on thebalance-wheel 0, thus allowing the latter to rotate freely withoutimparting motion tothe disk d and shaft 0 as long as the bellcrank levere. is held by the foot-pressure of the operator in the position shown inFig. 10. The dog d as it rides on the wedge e is brought to a standstillagainst the lower end of the spring pressed or yielding bolt 6, that ismounted in a box, 6, in the upper end of the lever 6 as shown in Fig.10, thus avoiding the shock or jar that otherwise would occur it the dogd came to a standstill against a rigid projection on the lever 6 Tostart the machine, it is therefore only necessary for the operator todepress the treadle 6, when the lever e" is swung away from the disk d,causing the lever d to be liberated and its tooth (I forced outward bythe influence of the spring d and a rotary motion imparted to disk atand shaft 0 by the projection cacting' on the lever projection 02 asabove described. It will thus be seen that the shaft 0 is always stoppedin the same position of its revolution, and I arrange the cam forlifting the driver-bar on it in such a manner that the spring fordepressing the latter shall hold it in its lowest position when thedriving-shaft is stopped.

The mechanism for intermittently, feeding the boot or shoe to space thenails is constructed as follows:

To the driving-shaft c is secured the bevel mitergear f, that meshes inthe teeth of the miter-gear f, secured to the vertical shaft f locatedin bearings in the head I), as shown in Fig. 13.

f is the serrated feed-foot, secu red to the forward end of the feed-barF. (Shown in Figs. 13 and 14..) Fig. 15 shows a diagram on which 1, 2,3, and 4 represent the four motions to be imparted to said feed-foot inthe direction shown by the arrow in said figure. The mo tions 2 and4that is, from and to the soleedgeare imparted to the serrated foot f 3and bar F by means of the cam f, secured to shaft f", and held incontact with the pin or pin and roll f by the influence of the spring f,one end of which is secured to the bar F (or a pin on it) and the otherend secured to the head b, or any other stationary part of the machine,as shown in Figs. 13 and 14, and it will thus be seen that the motion 4.is caused by the cam f and the motion 2 caused by the springf.

g is the stationary throat, having a vertical perforation through it forthe nail and driver to pass through. The under side of the throat g isserrated, as shown in Figs. 13 and 14, and said throat is secured to theouter end of the stationary throat-bar g, which latter is secured to thehead of the machine in any suitable manner.

'9 in dotted lines in Fig. 13 is a horizontal groove in the rear end ofthe stationary throatbar and in it is ad justably secured by means ofthe nut F the fulcrum-pin F, on which is located loosely the block F,arranged within the slot F in the bar F, as shown in Figs. 13 and 14. Byadjusting the position of the fulcrum-pin F to or from the throat g theshoefeed is regulated according to the nailspacing desired.

For the purpose of imparting to the feedfootf the feed motion 1 andreturn motion 3, as shown in Fig. 15, I employ the crank-pinf secured toshaitf or its cam f, on which pin is journaled the block f", the latterbeing free to slide in the forked or slotted opening F in the rear endof the bar F, as shown in Fig. 14.

h is the driver-bar, adapted to slide up and down in guides in theforward end of the head I). Said driverbar is moved upward against theinfluence of a spring or springs by means of a cam, h, secured to shaftand adapted to come in contact with a projection or pin and roll on thedriver-bar, as is common in machines of this kind.

h is the driver, secured to the lower end of the driver-bar verticallyabove and centrally in a line with the perforation g in the throat g.

The mechanism for forcing the driver-bar downward as soon as releasedfrom the cam h is shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, and consists of an elasticbar, h, preferably made of wood and having its rear end inserted in orsecured to a metal shoe or plate, if, that is pivoted at h to a bracket,H, secured to the top of the head b, as shown. Between the freeend ofthespring h and top of the driver-bar h is interposed a metal plate orshoe, h. (Shown in said Figs. 1, 2, and 3.) In addition to the spring hI use a coiled spring, H, located in the shell or case H". Said springacts in its lower end upon the metal shoe or plate h and its upper endpresses against the under side the screwplng H that is screwed throughthe upper end of the case or shell H. It will thus be seen that theforce with which the driver-bar is actuated to drive the nail can beregulated to a nicety by simply adjusting the screw-plug H 2' is thehorn, the upper end of which is in troduced into the boot or shoe duringthe op eration of nailing it, as is usual in machines of this kind. Thelower end of the born 73 is ad- 0 justably secured in the bracket or arm5, the

inner end of which is adjustably secured to the vertical horn-shaft i,which latter is journaled in hearings in front of standard a, as shownin Fig. 1, in which bearings, said shaft i may turn around its axis, aswell as move up and down. The lower end of the spindle or shaft i isconnected to the horn-releasing treadle i which is hung at e, as shownin Fig. 1. A spring, 11*, attached to the standard a and to the treadle2' serves to raise the treadle i to the position shown in Fig. '1.

On horn-spindle i are secured collars 6 7?, (sho vn in Figs. 1 and 5,)and between said collars is located on said spindle i a hub, i in whichthe spindle 'i may turn freely around its axis. The'hub i" has mountedon side trunnionstheguide-blocks'ii, located in theforked ends 1 l ofthelever I, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6. The lover I is hung on thefulcrum-pin I, that is supported in hearings in the standard a. On thefulcrum is also hung the lever 1 having a slot, 1*, in its rear end, andto said slot is adjustably secured the lower end of the link mind 1 theupper end of which is hinged to the bar 1 (shown in Fig. 4-,) said barbeing guided in the rear of the head I) andhaving a pin or pin and roll,I, projecting into a cam,

groove, d on the front face of the disk at, by which an intermittent andpositive rocking motion is imparted from the disk (I to the lever 1, andthe amount of such rocking motion can be regulated by adjusting theconnectingpin of the lower end of the rod 1 in the slot 1*, according tothe amount of lift desired on the horn, which is to be madein proportionto the thickness of the sole that is to be nailed.

Themotion from thelevcr 1 is communicated to the lever I and horn t asfollows: The lever 1 has on its under side a hollow screw-threaded hub,1 (shown in Fig. 5,) on which is adjustable the screw-threaded sleeve1*, through which passes the pin 1 the forwardend of which is pressed bymeans of a coiled spring, 1", against a cup-shaped wing or projection, 1made in one piece with lever I. By regulating the screw-threaded sleeve1 in the hub 1 the power of the spring 1 can be adjusted to obtain thedesired upward pressure on the horn 11. For the purpose of limiting theupward motion of the horn t, I make on the upper side of the lever I astop projection, 1, that is brought in contact with a wedge, 1 that ismade adjustable in guides in a projection, 1", on top of lever 1 Theposition of the wedge 1 on the projection 1 is regulated by means of abell crank lever, is, hung on the fulcrum-pin 7c in the frame orstandard it, and having its horizontal outer end made forked to embracea trunnion on the said wedge 1 as shown in Figs. 5 and 6. The upper endof lever k is adjustably secured to the standard a by. means of a thumbor hand nut, is", the

screw or belt of which passes through a slot,

it inthe standard a, as shown in Fig. 1, or in any other similar orequivalent manner. It will thus be seen that a yielding upward motion isimparted to the born '6 as the rod 1 is forced down, and when such rodis drawn upward the horn is depressed by the wedge l and the projectionsl and 1 on the levers I and 1, respectively.

L is a reel loosely mounted on a spindle attached to the bracket L, asshown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3.

Zis the wire on the reel, that is automatically fed, shaped, cut off,and driven by mechanism, as will now be described.

an is a cam on the shaft 0, which as it rotates imparts a rocking motionto the lever M, which is hung on the stud or fulcrum-pin M, said leverhaving a pin and roll, M", in its upper end, as shown in Figs. 7 and 8.By means of saidcam m the lever M is rocked in onedirection, and afterthe said cam ceases to act on it the spring M forces it in an oppositedirection. The lower end of the lever M is toothed and meshes in theteeth of the pinion M", that is loosely journalcd on the rock-shaft N,which latter is supported iii-bearings in the head i), as shown. To saidpinion M* is secured in a Suitable manner the pawlcarryingpiece m,provided with spring-pressed pawls m" m", which, as the gear M isintermittently oscillated, impart an'iutcrmittcnt rotary motion to theratchet-wheel m", that is loosely journaled on the shaft N and hasattached to it the grooved feedwheel m, between which and asimilarly-grooved loose feed-roller, m the wire 1 is intermittently andautomatically fed downward to the cutters, there to be shaped andcarried to the throat where the detached nails are to be driven.

The roller m is mounted loosely on a stud on the arm m, that is securedin its lower end to the head I) and provided with a regulatingthunibscrew, m by means of which the roller m can be adjusted toward thefeed-wheel m, so as to obtain a proper grip or hold on the wire. By thisarrangement a constant feed is obtained; but for the purpose of varyingthe feed according to the length of nail to be driven I use thefollowing mechanism:

In one piece with or attached to the lever I, Figs. 5 and 6, is thelever 1", the rear end of which has connected to it theupwardly-projecting rod n, the upper end of which is connected to therack n, adapted to move up and down in guides in the rear of the head b,as shown in Figs. 4 and 9. The teeth on the rack n engage in the toothedpinion N, secured to the shaft N, as shown in said figures. To the shaftN, in close proximity to the loose pinion M is secured in an adjustablemanner, preferably by means of the clamping screw N,the cam arm orprojection N, which, as the shaft N is rocked and afterward keptstationary, serves as a stop for the rod or arm M that is secured to theback of the lever M. as shown in Fig. 8 and dottedlines in Fig. 7. Bythis mechanism it will be seen that the spring M can only return thelever M (when cam m ceases to act on it) as far as the projection N willallow, and thus limit the feed motion according to the length of nail tobe driven. By varying the position of the projection N on shaft N theamount of nail-feed can thus be regulated.

The mechanism for actuating the cutters by p which the wire is cut andcarried to the place to be driven is arranged as follows: On the shaft 0is secured the cam 0, having camgrooves P and Q, as shown in Figs. 2 and20.

The nail that I make from the wire 1 is shown in Fig. 27,and said nailwill form subject-matter for a separate application. Said nail has ahead, Z, of a sectional form equal to the wire from which it is made, aflat shank, Z", caused by the removal or cutting off of two oppositesides of the wi re,an l a tapering point,l ,caused by the removal orcutting off of two tapering chips at the lower end of the nail.

The tapering point 1" is automatically made by what I term the uppercutters in the following manner: On the leverp is a pin and rollp,fitting into the cam-groove P,the lower end of such lever being securedto the rockshaft p, that is journaled in a bearing in the head I) andprovided with a crank or arm, 12, to which is pivoted the uppercutter-banp, and by this means an intermittent reciprocating motion isimparted to said cutter-bar. To

said cutter-bar p is secured the block f, having the taperingcutter-jaws p in its forward end, as shown in Figs. 22, 23, 24, 32, 33,and 34..

Through the cutter-block p is made a vertical slot, 19 forthe driver barto pass through. Opposite to the cutter-block p is secured firmly to thehead I), or any other stationary part of the machine, the stationaryholder p for the tapering cutter-bar p, which is inserted in alongitudinal groove in said holder, as shown in Figs. 35, 36, 37, and38. The end of the said cutter-bar10 is made ofa taper corresponding tothat of the cutter-jaws p.

p is a vertical perforation through the holder 1)", into which the endof the wire Z is fed from the reel. In pointing the wire nail the wireis fed through the perforation p in the stationary holder 10* until thelower end of the wire comes flush with the lower edge of said holder. Asthe cutter-harp and its cut ter-block p are moved in the direction ofthe arrow shown in Fig. 22, the point l of the nail is formed by thecutter-jaws p passing by the stationary cutter-blade p, as shown in Fig.23. The cutter-harp and its block p are then antomatically moved back totheir original positions,as shown in Fig. 22, and the now pointed wireis fed down in the perforation q in the stationary lower cutter, q,(shown in Figs. 29 and 43,) said cutter having a vertical slit, q. of awidth equal to the shank Z of the desired nail, and said slit has anenlargemenflq, in its upper end equal to the diameter of the originalwire, as shown in Fig. 42, for forming the head l of the nail. The shankZ" is formed and the nail carried to the place qin the lower cutter, 5directly above the perforated throat g by the reciprocating lower cutterand ear rier bar, q, having secured to its forward end the flat steelcutter q, as shown in Figs. 29, 39, and 40, and in so doing the sides ofthe nail-wire are cut off, thus forming-the shank Z at the same time asthe upper end of the head of the nail is cut off by coming in contactwith the under side of the cutter-jaws p". After the now finished anddetached nail has been carried to the place to be driven, itdrops intothe perforated throat 9, its point resting on the shoe-sole, and it isdriven by the down ward blow of the driver-bar, as is usual in machinesof this kind.

The carrier and cutter bar q? is intermittently reciprocated byautomatic mechanism from the cam O, as follows: To the rear end of thebar g is pivoted the link q and to this is pivoted the lower end of thelever Q, that is hung on the fulcrum-pin Q, secured to the driven, imake in the lever Q" a slotted perforation, Qi, (shown in Fig. 18,)through which passes freely the set-screw Qflthat is screwed firmly intothe lever Q after the proper position of the lever Q? relative to thelever Q is ascertained, and to prevent such relative positions frombeing disarranged I employ a setscrew, Q], (shown in Figs. 2, 16, and18,) that is screwed through an car on the lever Q and has its inner endresting against the side of the adjustable lever Q 0' in Fig. 2 is aperforation in the coveringplate It for allowing the chips to passthrough as the cutters, are shaping the nails.

The operation of the machine may be briefly described relative. to thefour motions 1, 2, 3, and 4: of the shoe-feed dog f'*, as illustrated bythe diagram in Fig. 15, to be as follows: During the motion 1 the dogfeeds the shoe, the driver-bar cam is lifting, the wire-feed is at rest,as is also the bottom cutter and'carrier, the upper cutters are restingand then acting,and the hornis released from the throat, During themotion 2 the dogf is drawn back, the driver-bar is resting, thewire-feed is rest 'ing and then feeding, the bottom cutter and carrierreturns and rests, the upper cutters are cutting and then resting, andthe horn is still released. During the motion 3 the dog f is returningwithout feeding, the driver-bar is resting, the wire-feed is feeding andthen resting, the bottom cutter and carrier is resting and then cutting,the upper cutters are resting and then returning, and the horn is released, as before, and commences to clamp the sole against the throat,and finally during the motion 4 the dog f presses forward,the driverbaris driving, the wire-feed is at rest,the bottom cutter and carrier isreturning and then resting, the upper cutters are returning and thenresting, and the hornis clamped against the sole and then released, andso on.

What I wish to secure by Letters Patent and claim is 1. In anailing-machine, the compound and adjustable spring mechanism forforcing downward the driver-bar, consisting of the spring h pivoted atone end and having its other end pressing against the driver-bar, incom- Cit bination with the auxiliary and adjustable 2. In anailing-maehine, the automatic device for actuating the horn in avertical direction, consisting of the rock-lever l intermittently rockedby its connection to the driving-shaft, as described, and having theadjustablespring-pressed boltl" and wedge-carrying 6o arm 1, combinedwith the rock-lever I, connected to the hornspindle, the arms or projections I I", and the adjustable wedge I, as and for the purpose setforth.

3. In a nailing-machine, the compound cutters, as described, for shapingthe point and shank and carrying the nail to the place to bedriven,consisting of thestationary upper blade, p", and theintermittently-reciprocating upper cutter, 19 having the-slottedperforation p for receiving the driver bar, and having the forkedcntterjaws 10 for the formation of the bevel point of the nail, incombination with the lower stationary slitted die, q, and theintermittently-reciprocating lower cutter and carrier, q, for-thepurpose of forming the reduced shank of the nail and to carry the nailto the place to be driven, substantially as set forth.

4. In a nailing-machine, the rock-lever M and the cam and its spring forautomaticallyoperatiug it, and connecting mechanism, substantially asdescribed, to the feed-wheel in, combined with the projection M on saidrocklever, and the adjustableroclrer cam or stop projection N forlimiting the return move ment of the feed-lever M according to theamount of feed of the wire desired, as herein specified.

In testimony whereof Ihave signed my name 0 to this specification, inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses, on this 2ith'day of April, A.D. 1588.

XVILLIAM Z. BEAN.

Witnesses:

HENRY CHADBOURN, HERBERT L. OHAPIN.

